User-friendliness of a Portable Driving Simulator for Parkinson's, MS, and Stroke

This study is testing two driving simulators: a new, low-cost Portable Driving Simulator (PDS) and a larger, more expensive High Fidelity Fixed-Base Simulator. Researchers want to see how easy the Portable Driving Simulator is to use and if it causes simulator sickness in people with Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), or who have had a stroke. They also want to compare if the Portable Driving Simulator can help improve driving skills as effectively as the High Fidelity Fixed-Base Simulator. You may be able to join if you are 25-75 years old, have a valid driver's license, and have been diagnosed with stroke, PD, or MS. The study will measure how easy the simulators are to use, how much simulator sickness occurs, and your driving performance. This study is currently recruiting 30 participants.

Study design
This is an interventional study with 30 planned participants. It compares a Low-Fidelity PDS device with a High Fidelity Fixed-Base Simulator device.
What's involved
You would participate in 5 visits over an average of one week. During these visits, your user-friendliness, simulator sickness, and driving performance will be assessed.
Compensation
Not stated in the trial record.
Follow-up
Your user-friendliness will be assessed at the end of visits 2, 3, and 4. Simulator sickness will be assessed during visits 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Driving performance will be assessed during visits 1 and 5.

AI-generated from the public study record. Only the study team can confirm whether you're eligible — confirm details with them before making decisions.

NCT03969927

User-friendliness of a Portable Driving Simulator

Completed
NAAges 25–75Interventional
University of Kansas Medical Center
~21 participants
Updated 2026-08-07 on ClinicalTrials.gov
What's tested:Low-Fidelity PDSHigh Fidelity Fixed-Base Simulator

At a glance

Recruiting sites
0 of 1 listed site is recruiting right now
RecruitingSuspended, closed, or not yet open
What they're measuring
User-Friendliness
Measured over Assessed at the End of visit 2, visit 3, and visit 4. These visits will take place over an average of one week.
+2 more outcomes measured
Parkinson Disease
Multiple Sclerosis
Stroke

NCT03969927

Where you'd take part

This study runs at 1 site. They're the same protocol — you choose where, and that choice sets who your contact draft is addressed to.

  • Abiodun Akinwuntan

    Kansas City, Kansasno site contact published

Sites open and close at different times, so the status above is per site — it can differ from the study's overall status.

  • Abiodun Akinwuntan, PhD, MPH MBA · PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR · University of Kansas School of Health Professions

This trial hasn't published a contact. View it on ClinicalTrials.gov

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Eligibility criteria

Inclusion

Diagnosis of a first ever stroke, PD, or MS
Valid driver's licenses, ≥ 3 years driving experience,
Mini-mental State Examination score ≥24, and
Binocular acuity of at least 20/60 in compliance with state of Kansas driving laws
  • User-FriendlinessAssessed at the End of visit 2, visit 3, and visit 4. These visits will take place over an average of one week.

    User-Friendliness will be assessed using a User-Friendliness Survey which is a Likert scale. \[1-5 scale with 1 representing the lowest degree of user-friendliness and 5 representing the highest degree of user-friendliness\]

  • Simulator SicknessAssessed during visit 1, visit 2, visit 3, visit 4, and visit 5. These visits will take place over an average of one week.

    Simulator Sickness and symptoms of Simulator Sickness will be assessed using questionnaire adapted from the 1993 Kennedy et al Simulator Sickness Questionnaire. \[This will be reported from a 0-228.14 scale with 0 representing the lowest possible degree of Simulator Sickness and 228.14 indicating the greatest possible degree of Simulator Sickness\]

  • Driving PerformanceAssessed during visit 1, and visit 5. These visits will take place over an average of one week.

    Driving Performance will be assessment by a Driving rehabilitation specialist before and after each participant undergoes training. The participants will be tested on the high-fidelity driving simulator and the driving simulator provide objective measurements of lane position maintenance, adherence to speed limits, reaction to traffic lights, and overall reaction time.