Passive Heat Therapy for Blood Pressure and Vascular Function
This study is testing if regular hot water immersion, called "heat therapy," can help lower high blood pressure and improve how your blood vessels work. Researchers are comparing 12 weeks of heat therapy (hot water at 40°C) to 12 weeks of thermoneutral water immersion (water at 36°C, which doesn't change your body temperature). They are looking for changes in your systolic blood pressure (the top number in a blood pressure reading) over this time and during a follow-up period. You might be able to join if you are 40 years or older and have a systolic blood pressure between 115 and 159 mmHg. The study aims to enroll 150 participants, but its current recruitment status is unclear.
- Study design
- This is an interventional study comparing two types of water immersion. It plans to enroll 150 participants aged 40 and older.
- What's involved
- You would participate in 36 sessions (about 3 times per week for 12 weeks) of either hot or thermoneutral water immersion.
- Compensation
- Not stated in the trial record.
- Follow-up
- Participants will be followed for 12 weeks after the 12-week treatment period.
AI-generated from the public study record. Only the study team can confirm whether you're eligible — confirm details with them before making decisions.
NCT05300971
Passive Heat Therapy for Lowering Systolic Blood Pressure and Improving Vascular Function in Mid-life and Older Adults
Recruiting
NAAges 40+InterventionalTreatmentUniversity of Colorado, BoulderInvestigator-initiated
~150 participants
Updated 2025-04-29 on ClinicalTrials.gov
What's tested:Heat therapyThermoneutral water immersion
At a glance
Recruiting sites
1 of 1 listed site is recruiting right now
RecruitingSuspended, closed, or not yet open
What they're measuring
Change in casual systolic blood pressure from baseline to 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 weeks of heat therapy, and 4 and 12 weeks of follow-up.
Measured over 0 weeks, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 8 weeks, 10 weeks, 12 weeks, 16 weeks, 24 weeks
Conditions
Where it's being run
1 sites across 1 statesColorado1
Study leadership
- Douglas R Seals, PhD · PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR · University of Colorado, Boulder
- Vienna E Brunt, PhD · PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR · University of Colorado, Boulder
Who to contact
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Do you actually qualify for this trial?
Add a private profile and we'll compare every criterion below against your situation — and tell you which ones are met, uncertain, or excluding.
Eligibility criteria
Inclusion
Able to provide informed consent (no clinical diagnosis of dementia or related diseases AND mini mental state exam score \>20).
Willing to accept random assignment to intervention.
Aged 40+ years.
Premenopausal women must not be pregnant (confirmed by urine pregnancy test).
Casual systolic blood pressure 115-159 mmHg.
Sufficiently healthy to undergo heat stress, as determined by the CTRC physician Dr. Wolfe and physician of record Dr. Chonchol based on medical history, physical exam, blood chemistries, and 12-lead ECG at rest and during the graded exercise test. Subjects with established clinical diseases may participate so long it is not determined that heat therapy could be detrimental to their health (determined case-by-case, but examples of subjects who may be excluded include those currently undergoing chemotherapy treatment or chronic kidney disease patients requiring dialysis).
Ability to refrain from the use of dietary supplements, anti-inflammatory medications, and prescription medications prior to experimental testing and/or water immersion visits in some cases (occasionally used PDE5 inhibitors and nitrites) (for the durations described above), as determined by the CTRC physician and approved by the subject's primary care provider if deemed necessary (see Procedures below for more detail). (rationale: many of these agents can acutely modulate vascular function).
Weight stable in the prior 3 months (≤ 2 kg weight change) and willing to remain weight stable over the course of the study.
Willing to maintain physical activity, diet, and other lifestyle factors for the entire 6-month duration of the study.
Free from alcohol dependence or abuse, as defined by the American Psychiatry Association, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV).
Exclusion
Individuals taking 3+ anti-hypertensive medications (rationale: these individuals typically have resistant or secondary hypertension. Individuals taking 1-2 anti-hypertensive medications will still be included, with the exception of beta-blockers.)
SBP 140-159 mmHg but not on anti-hypertensive medications. (rationale: ACC/AHA guidelines indicate that immediate pharmacotherapy is advised for these individuals. Potential subjects with SBP in this range will discuss options/receive recommendations from a CTRC physician and be referred to their primary care provider. If they begin anti-hypertensive medication, they will be eligible to participate in the study after they have been on them for at least 3 months, assuming they still qualify. If they decide not to begin anti-hypertensive medications, they must receive approval for their primary care provider that it is ok for them to participate in the study.)
Regular vigorous aerobic/endurance exercise: \>4 bouts per week for \>30 min per bout at a workload of \>10 METS, determined based on screening surveys and workload confirmed by MAQ during Visit 1. (rationale: aerobic exercise training independently lowers blood pressure and improves arterial function33,74,75).
Body mass index (BMI) \>40 kg/m2 (rationale: BP and vascular measurements can be inaccurate in severely obese subjects and these subjects may differ in many ways from normal weight, overweight, or less obese subjects).
Current use of anticholinergics (e.g. amitriptyline), alpha-blockers (e.g. Flomax), and beta-blockers (e.g., propranolol) (rationale: these medications can interfere with thermoregulation and/or control of blood pressure during heat stress). \*Note: anti-hypertensive medications besides beta-blockers will be allowed-see "Additional considerations for subjects taking anti-hypertensive medications" below under the intervention procedures for Section XI.).
Current use of certain prescription medications taken at a dose or frequency high enough to potentially interfere with thermoregulation and/or blood pressure control during heat stress. These include nitrates and nitrites (e.g. nitroglycerin), PDE5 inhibitors (e.g. Viagra), amphetamines (e.g., ADD/ADHD drugs), insulin, and thyroid medications. Risk of each of these classes of medications depends on dose and other medications also being taken. Thus, Drs. Wolfe and Chonchol will make decisions whether subjects taking these medications should be excluded. (Note: occasional use of PDE5 inhibitors and nitrates ok so long as they are not taken for the following durations around water immersion sessions, PDE5 inhibitors: 24 hours before through the 8 hours after; nitrates: 8 hours before through 8 hours after, and (for both classes of medications) in the 48 hours before through the 48 hours after visits in which nitroglycerin is administered \[visits 3, 10, \& 13\] - Drs. Wolfe and Chonchol can extend these durations as they deem necessary and will have the opportunity to do so during the medication review process at screening).
Orthostatic hypotension, as determined by medical history or during screening as a reduction of \>20 mmHg on SBP and/or \>10 mmHg in diastolic BP within 3 min of going from seated to standing (rationale: passive heat therapy is contraindicated for individuals with orthostatic hypotension).
Active, untreated atrial fibrillation or flutter (rationale: it is possible individuals with atrial fibrillation/flutter may have a higher risk of arrhythmias during hot water immersion).
Unstable cardiovascular diseases (e.g., unstable angina or recent myocardial infarction or stroke) (rationale: heat therapy is contraindicated for individuals with unstable CVDs).
Recent major change in health status within previous 3 months (e.g., surgery, significant infection or illness, including COVID-19). What is considered "major" or "significant" may be evaluated by the physician of record on a case-by-case basis. An example of a surgery that would likely not be considered "major" is out-patient removal of a basal cell carcinoma. "Significant" infections include those requiring hospitalization or long durations (i.e., months) of recovery. Additionally, subjects with acute fever/illness (Tre ≥ 38.0°C) will not be able to undergo screening or participate in water immersion sessions until fever/illness has resolved. Subjects with a confirmed positive case of COVID-19 will not be able to participate until COVID-19 symptoms have resolved and 2 weeks after diagnosis. Subjects will be asked to let us know if they are sick so that sessions/testing can be rescheduled.
Open wounds or skin lesions. History of skin-related conditions or sensitivities to prolonged water immersion or exposure to pool chemicals.
Blood donation within the past 2 months (if subjects have donated blood within the last 2 months, we will ask if they are willing to delay the start of the study until it has been 2 months since their last blood donation)
Inability to tolerate blood draws, intravenous catheters, including past fainting in response to blood sampling. (rationale: at the least, we must be able to obtain enough blood for clinical chemistries to ensure safety).
What this trial measures
- Change in casual systolic blood pressure from baseline to 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 weeks of heat therapy, and 4 and 12 weeks of follow-up.0 weeks, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 8 weeks, 10 weeks, 12 weeks, 16 weeks, 24 weeks
Casual brachial artery systolic blood pressure, measured in triplicate (and averaged)