This observational study aims to understand how sex hormone levels, specifically testosterone, estrogen, and progesterone, are related to pain and opioid use after surgery in young women. Researchers are looking for female patients aged 11 to 16 who are having orthopedic surgery (on a long bone, joint, or spine). The study will measure your hormone levels at the start and track your pain levels and how much opioid medication you use after surgery. The goal is to see if there's a connection between your hormone levels and your experience with pain and opioid use, and if immune factors play a role in how testosterone affects these outcomes.

Study design

This is an observational study, meaning researchers will collect information without giving any specific treatments. It plans to include 210 participants.

What's involved

You and your parents/guardians will complete surveys and give a blood sample around the time of surgery. You will also be interviewed, and study staff will contact you at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after surgery to ask about pain and opioid use.

Compensation

Not stated in the trial record.

Follow-up

Participants will be followed for 6 months after surgery to track persistent pain and opioid use.

AI-generated from the public study record. Only the study team can confirm whether you're eligible — confirm details with them before making decisions.